``` python
import arcpy
import os
# 设置工作环境
arcpy.env.overwriteOutput = True
input_gdb = r"E:\zmx\2025\mxphdproject\tem_data\tem_data.gdb"
output_gdb = r"E:\zmx\2025\mxphdproject\tem_data\SpeciesAnalysis.gdb"
# 确保输出数据库存在
if not arcpy.Exists(output_gdb):
arcpy.CreateFileGDB_management(os.path.dirname(output_gdb), os.path.basename(output_gdb))
# 网格配置
grid_config = {
"50km": "grid_50km_Project",
"100km": "grid_100km_Project",
"150km": "grid_150km_Project",
"200km": "grid_200km_Project"
}
# 点数据图层名称
point_layer = "medicial_plant_point"
# 验证输入数据存在
if not arcpy.Exists(os.path.join(input_gdb, point_layer)):
raise Exception(f"点数据 '{point_layer}' 在输入数据库中不存在！")
# 循环处理每个网格
for grid_size, grid_name in grid_config.items():
print(f"正在处理 {grid_size} 网格...")
# 验证网格数据存在
input_grid = os.path.join(input_gdb, grid_name)
if not arcpy.Exists(input_grid):
print(f"警告: 网格数据 '{grid_name}' 不存在，跳过处理")
continue
input_points = os.path.join(input_gdb, point_layer)
try:
# 1. 创建临时点图层
temp_points_name = f"temp_points_{grid_size}"
temp_points = arcpy.management.MakeFeatureLayer(input_points, temp_points_name)
# 检查临时点图层是否创建成功
if not arcpy.Exists(temp_points_name):
raise Exception(f"临时点图层创建失败: {temp_points_name}")
# 2. 创建临时空间连接输出路径
joined_points = os.path.join(output_gdb, f"temp_joined_{grid_size}")
# 3. 执行空间连接将网格ID连接到点数据
print(" 正在执行空间连接...")
arcpy.analysis.SpatialJoin(
target_features=temp_points,
join_features=input_grid,
out_feature_class=joined_points,
join_operation="JOIN_ONE_TO_ONE",
join_type="KEEP_ALL",
match_option="INTERSECT",
field_mapping=f"NEW_ID \"NEW_ID\" true true false 20 Text 0 0,First,#,{input_points},NEW_ID,0,20;wangid \"wangid\" true true false 20 Text 0 0,First,#,{input_grid},wangid,0,20",
distance_field_name=""
)
# 检查空间连接结果
if not arcpy.Exists(joined_points):
raise Exception(f"空间连接失败，无法创建临时数据集: {joined_points}")
# 打印空间连接结果信息
point_count = int(arcpy.GetCount_management(joined_points).getOutput(0))
print(f" 空间连接完成，共连接 {point_count} 个点")
# 4. 删除重复记录 (wangid + NEW_ID)
print(" 正在删除重复记录...")
arcpy.management.DeleteIdentical(
in_dataset=joined_points,
fields=["wangid", "NEW_ID"]
)
# 打印去重后结果信息
unique_count = int(arcpy.GetCount_management(joined_points).getOutput(0))
print(f" 删除重复后，剩余 {unique_count} 条唯一记录")
# 5. 计算每个网格的物种数量
print(" 正在统计物种数量...")
stats_table = os.path.join(output_gdb, f"stats_{grid_size}")
arcpy.analysis.Statistics(
in_table=joined_points,
out_table=stats_table,
statistics_fields=[["NEW_ID", "COUNT"]],
case_field="wangid"
)
# 检查统计结果
if not arcpy.Exists(stats_table):
raise Exception(f"统计表创建失败: {stats_table}")
# 打印统计结果信息
stats_count = int(arcpy.GetCount_management(stats_table).getOutput(0))
print(f" 统计完成，共 {stats_count} 个网格有物种数据")
# 6. 将统计结果关联回网格
print(" 正在关联结果到网格...")
output_grid = os.path.join(output_gdb, f"{grid_name}_SpeciesCount")
arcpy.management.CopyFeatures(input_grid, output_grid)
# 添加新字段存储物种数量
count_field = f"SP_COUNT_{grid_size}"
arcpy.management.AddField(output_grid, count_field, "LONG")
# 创建字段映射字典
count_dict = {}
# 获取统计表字段名 - 解决可能的字段名变化问题
fields = [f.name for f in arcpy.ListFields(stats_table)]
count_field_name = None
# 可能的字段名变体
possible_fields = ["COUNT_NEW_ID", "COUNT_NEW__ID", "FREQUENCY"]
for field in possible_fields:
if field in fields:
count_field_name = field
break
if not count_field_name:
print(f" 警告: 未找到统计字段，可用字段: {', '.join(fields)}")
# 使用第一个统计字段作为备选
for field in fields:
if field.startswith("COUNT") or field == "FREQUENCY":
count_field_name = field
print(f" 使用备选字段: {count_field_name}")
break
if not count_field_name:
raise Exception(f"在统计表中未找到合适的统计字段")
print(f" 使用统计字段: {count_field_name}")
# 读取统计结果
with arcpy.da.SearchCursor(stats_table, ["wangid", count_field_name]) as cursor:
for row in cursor:
wangid = row[0]
count_value = row[1]
# 确保值有效
if count_value is None:
count_value = 0
count_dict[wangid] = count_value
print(f" 网格 {wangid}: 物种数量 = {count_value}")
# 检查网格数据中的wangid字段是否存在
grid_fields = [f.name for f in arcpy.ListFields(output_grid)]
if "wangid" not in grid_fields:
# 尝试不同大小写变体
wangid_variants = ["WANGID", "WangID", "wangId"]
wangid_field = None
for variant in wangid_variants:
if variant in grid_fields:
wangid_field = variant
print(f" 警告: 使用替代字段名 '{variant}' 代替 'wangid'")
break
if not wangid_field:
# 尝试查找包含"wangid"的字段
for field in grid_fields:
if "wangid" in field.lower():
wangid_field = field
print(f" 警告: 使用相似字段名 '{field}' 代替 'wangid'")
break
if not wangid_field:
raise Exception("在网格数据中找不到wangid字段")
else:
wangid_field = "wangid"
# 更新网格数据
updated_count = 0
with arcpy.da.UpdateCursor(output_grid, [wangid_field, count_field]) as cursor:
for row in cursor:
wangid = row[0]
# 将网格ID和字典键都转换为字符串进行比较
grid_id_str = str(wangid)
found = False
# 在字典中查找匹配的ID
for dict_id, count_val in count_dict.items():
dict_id_str = str(dict_id)
if grid_id_str == dict_id_str:
row[1] = count_val
updated_count += 1
found = True
break
if not found:
row[1] = 0 # 没有物种的网格设为0
cursor.updateRow(row)
print(f" 已更新 {updated_count} 个网格的物种数量")
print(f"已完成 {grid_size} 网格处理，输出: {output_grid}")
print(f" 中间数据已保留: ")
print(f" - 临时点图层: {temp_points_name}")
print(f" - 空间连接结果: {joined_points}")
print(f" - 统计表: {stats_table}")
except Exception as e:
print(f"处理 {grid_size} 网格时出错: {str(e)}")
import traceback
print(traceback.format_exc())
finally:
# 不再删除任何临时数据，全部保留用于调试
print(f" 保留所有中间数据用于调试")
# 只删除临时点图层（内存中的图层）
try:
if "temp_points_name" in locals():
arcpy.management.Delete(temp_points_name)
print(f" 已删除内存中的临时点图层: {temp_points_name}")
except:
pass
print("所有网格处理完成！")
print(f"所有中间数据保留在: {output_gdb}")
```
